Neutrino detectors  Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics  High energy astrophysics

How to Proceed

In section 2 we gave an overview of astrophysical environments where aspects of nuclear and particle physics play a decisive role. Many of the ongoing efforts involving particle physics aspects have the nature of "observations" related to the early universe/big bang (dark matter searches, antimatter searches, CMB anisotropy), the solar neutrino problem (neutrino detectors with enhanced spectral and neutrino type information), supernovae and gamma-ray bursts (neutrino detectors, gamma-ray satellites), and cosmic rays (ground based high(est) energy CR, gamma and neutrino detectors). Laboratory and theoretical physics efforts in neutrino physics and dark matter related subjects are covered by the working group on neutrino physics and fundamental interactions. Cosmic Rays related laboratory efforts are not discussed here, but we refer to [20] for an overview on spallation cross section requirements. In the following we will describe ground-based efforts in neutrino (solar, supernova, cosmic ray) and high energy cosmic ray and gamma ray observations and then focus on nuclear physics aspects, requiring novel technical developments and new concepts in theory.